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Cathedral Hagia Sophia, A 1500 years old church converted to mosque, Turkey’s President said its Turkey’s ‘sovereign right’.

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Claiming it to be Turkey’s ‘sovereign right’, the President of Turkey, Recep Tayyip Erdogan on Friday, July 10, announced the UNESCO World Heritage site, Hagia Sophia, a 1500-year-old Orthodox Christian Cathedral in Instanbul to be converted into a mosque after Turkish court ruling. A top court of Turkey has passed the order to convert world-famous Hagia Sophia museum once again into a mosque.
Hagia Sophia is an iconic structure in Istanbul whose construction started during the reign of Justinian I, the ruler of the Byzantine Empire in 532 AD. At that time Istanbul was known as Constantinople. This epochal monument was originally a cathedral before it was transformed into a mosque after the Ottoman conquest in 1453. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, the founder ofthe Republic of Turkey, in the 1930s, closed down the mosque and turned it into a museum aiming to make the country more secular. But since a long time now there have been regular calls from Islamists and nationalists in the country to convert the Hagia Sophia back into a mosque.

The order of the highest court stated, “It was concluded that the settlement deed allocated it as a mosque and its use outside this character is not possible legally. The cabinet decision in 1934 that ended its use as a mosque and defined it as a museum did not comply with laws.”

As reported, Erdogan said in a national address, “With this court ruling, and with the measures we took in line with the decision, Hagia Sophia became a mosque again, after 86 years, in the way Fatih the conqueror of Istanbul had wanted it to be.”

In a press conference, Erdogan informed that the first Muslim prayers would be held inside Haga Sophia on July 24. He also told, ” Like all our mosques, the doors of Hagia Sophia will be wide open to locals, and foreigners, Muslims and Non-Muslims.” The Turkish officials clearly mentioned that the Christian emblems  like mosaics of the Virgin Mary on the golden dome of the cathedral would not be removed.

According to Erdogan, the status of Hagia Sophia is their domestic matter where any intervention from ‘international players’ is not welcome. This decision has prompted criticism from various religious and political leaders from across the globe.

Reportedly, UNESCO has stated that it deeply regrets this decision of converting the museum into a mosque and has asked Turkish authorities to immediately open a dialogue without delay. UNESCO  further added that its World Heritage Committee would review Hagia Sophia’s status. The Eastern Orthodox Church, the Russian Orthodox Church, Cyprus, the US and Greece too have criticized this decree and have condemned it. They also accused this Turkey’s decision of ignoring voices of millions of Christians. Hagia Sophia has long been the symbol of Muslim- Christian Cultural Rivalry and this decision could now lead to greater divisions since Hagia Sophia is a site which is equally revered by both, Christians and Muslims.

 

It is apparent that Erdogan headed Turkish government has quashed  its secular foundations with this step. Is this decision taken to strengthen the Islamisation of the Turkish society and to gain political mileage? However, the political gain would be short term but can cost long term disharmony between Christians and Muslims.

Hagia Sophia, famous for the grandeur of its iconic dome, is the landmark of Istanbul and is a magnet for tourists worldwide. Today, it is Turkey’s most popular tourist attraction drawing more than 3.6 million visitors last year.

 

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MPSC Sets August 31 Deadline to Resolve Student Doubts on Online Examinations

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Commission plans complete clarity on score normalization and server security ahead of digital transition.

The Deadline

The Maharashtra Public Service Commission (MPSC) has established an August 31 deadline to address candidate concerns regarding the transition to online computer-based examinations.

The initiative follows a meeting at MPSC’s CBD Belapur office with student representatives, competitive exam tutors, and youth delegation leaders. Candidates raised critical queries regarding technical infrastructure, server security, and the score normalization formula used across multi-shift examinations.

MPSC officials assured representatives that the commission is taking a constructive approach to student feedback to ensure maximum transparency and fairness. Addressing concerns over scheduling, officials clarified that exam calendars are being structured carefully to prevent overlapping dates across different competitive tests.

To ensure technical integrity, MPSC aims to establish a fully robust, independent in-house digital examination framework by 2027. The commission reiterated that exams will not be outsourced to private contractors. Third-party agencies will only function as technology partners, while C-DAC performs comprehensive technical audits.

Officials affirmed that online examinations will only be conducted once all safety measures and technical readiness are fully achieved.

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NMMC Issues Public Advisory on Illegal Constructions Following High Court Directives

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Civic body intensifies citywide crackdown, orders mandatory hearings, and cautions prospective homebuyers.

Illegal Constructions

Following strict directives from the Bombay High Court in ongoing Public Interest Litigation (PIL) proceedings, the Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation (NMMC) has issued a comprehensive public advisory against unauthorized constructions across the city.

A citywide survey conducted by the civic body identified 12,687 unauthorized or irregular constructions. Alarmingly, 4,946 of these structures were found to have been erected without any municipal building permissions.

In compliance with judicial orders, NMMC ward offices are conducting a minimum of 150 hearings per week (50 per day, three days weekly) to give property owners an opportunity to present their cases. While owners of eligible structures can apply for regularization through the town planning department, active demolition drives are already underway against non-compliant properties across municipal wards.

The municipal corporation warned that offenders will face legal prosecution under the Maharashtra Regional and Town Planning (MRTP) Act, with demolition costs directly recovered from property owners.

NMMC also issued a strong warning to prospective homebuyers, urging them to verify building permissions, Commencement Certificates (CC), and Occupation Certificates (OC) on the official civic portal before making any property purchases. The authority reiterated that unauthorized buildings will be denied municipal water and sewerage connections.

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Bombay High Court Restores Navi Mumbai Hotel License, Calls for Practical Enforcement

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Court sets aside FDA suspension of four-star hotel’s food license over minor infraction, orders statewide audit of government canteens.

The Food License

The Bombay High Court has set aside an order by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) that suspended the food safety license of Park Inn by Radisson in Navi Mumbai. Directing authorities to adopt a “realistic approach,” the court ordered the immediate restoration of the hotel’s Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) license.

The FDA had suspended the four-star hotel’s license following a surprise inspection where officials reported hygiene lapses after spotting two insects in the kitchen area. However, a bench comprising Acting Chief Justice Ravindra Ghuge and Justice Gautam Ankhad observed that the hotel had maintained an overall compliance score of 95 percent on hygiene and food safety standards.

The court ruled that shutting down operations based on a single, minor finding was disproportionate. “We are in India. We have to take a realistic stand,” the bench remarked while quashing the suspension.

Addressing potential bias in regulatory actions, the High Court expanded the scope of the matter. It ordered the FDA to conduct comprehensive inspections of all government and semi-government eating establishments state-wide including canteens at the Mantralaya and the High Court and present status reports along with video documentation.

While FDA legal representatives denied selective enforcement noting that several public canteens and prominent Mumbai clubs have also faced action the court’s ruling sends a clear message on balancing regulatory enforcement with practical considerations.

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